The doctoral degree, i.e. the Ph.D., is primarily intended for students desiring a career in research andor collegiate teaching. The focus is on advanced ECE topics, on learning to perform research and to write research papers, and on making fundamental new contributions to an ECE topic. Students take advanced course work and write a doctoral dissertation, also called a thesis. Program Overview: Students newly admitted to a doctoral program are classified as precandidates. Upon entering a doctoral program, there is a Ph.D. qualifying process, normally completed during the first two years. After all requirements except the dissertation are completed, students become candidates. Students entering the ECE doctoral program with a bachelor’s degree typically become candidates in the third year and and are strongly encouraged to complete the degree within five years. Such students ordinarily complete the requirements for a master’s degree along the way and receive this degree in addition to the Ph.D. A masters thesis is optional. Students who enter the ECE doctoral program with a master’s in the field of their program typically become candidates in their second year and are strongly encouraged to complete the degree within four years. Such students are not ordinarily eligible to receive an additional master’s degree. Robots are evolving from stationary devices that perform manufacturing tasks to mobile, information gathering, computing, and decision making platforms. The autonomous vehicles participating in the DARPA Grand Challenges highlighted the significant progress that has been made in this area and the enormous work that remains to be done. At the University of Michigan, we are exploring the feedback control principles of bipedal robotic locomotion, with the goal of endowing machines with the ability to walk on two legs with the agility of a human. We also use artificial intelligence techniques for dealing with planning and uncertainty, localization and mapping, sensor processing and classification, and continuous learning. Specialties: Bipedal Robot Locomotion; Field Robotics; Human-Robot Interaction; Mobile Manipulation; Prosthetics and Exoskeletons.